Approval cutoff: Difference between revisions
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The '''approval cutoff''', '''approval threshold''' or '''neutral preference''' level is an option that may be used with a [[Preferential_voting|ranked ballot]]. It allows the collection of the information necessary to create an [[Approval ballot]].
Specifying a neutral preference level indicates that candidates above a certain rank have positive preference, while candidates below that rank have negative preference. Positive preference is equivalent to an approval vote, while negative preference receives no approval vote.
Sometimes candidates at the approval threshold are also considered approved, instead of being treated neutrally. There may be a loose terminological tendency to use "approval cutoff" to indicate the neutral preference level option, and "approval threshold" to indicate this option.
When a method uses a ranked ballot with approval cutoff, the usual procedure is that the neutral preference level is set below all ranked candidates, and above unranked candidates.
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* the ranking of candidates above and below the line is not as important as having a candidate above the line defeat all candidates below the line.
It is also possible to consider fractional approval thresholds i.e. one threshold which gives candidates 100% approval, a second threshold that gives them 90%, etc. Thesr thresholds would be consecutive, so for example, a voter giving their 2nd choice 100% approval but their 4th choice 90% approval would also give their 3rd choice 90% approval. This would allow the collection of [[
The approval threshold is usually indicated with a '''|''', which can be visually highlighted by putting space after it. Example:
30: A>B| >C>D>E
This means 30 voters approve both A and B, but not C, D, and E.
Another way to implement the approval threshold in practice would be to let voters mark approval of the candidates directly (similar to [[Approval voting]]) alongside their rankings, and then for whichever of the approved candidates the voter ranked lowest, all candidates ranked equal to or higher than that candidate are also considered approved.
== Notes ==
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An approval threshold can be used in the context of rated methods as well. This can be useful for cardinal PR, since it could be possible to allow, for example, a Green Party voter to approve both Green Party candidates and Democratic candidates, using the approvals to ensure one of those preferred candidates wins, and then score the candidates in such a way as to maximize the odds that of the preferred candidates, one of the Green Party candidates wins.
See [[Smith//Approval]] for an example of the use of the approval threshold.
[[Category:Ballot type]]
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