Single-member district: Difference between revisions
District Allocation
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{{Wikipedia}}
A '''single-member district''' (SMD) or '''single-member constituency''' is an [[w:electoral district|electoral district]] that returns one officeholder to a body with multiple members such as a [[w:legislature|legislature]]. This is also sometimes called '''single-winner voting''' or '''winner takes all'''. The alternatives are [[Multi-Member System|multi-member district]]s, or the election of a body by the whole electorate voting as one constituency (i.e. [[proportional representation]]).
Many single member systems can be run independently in districts to form a [[Regional System]].
There are two two key factors in single member representation: how the members are chosen (the voting method) and how the districts are drawn.
==District Allocation==
They can be sub-classified by different ways to aggregate the ballots. ▼
In most SMD systems, districts are divided by units of population, by administrative subregions, or other metrics to equalize representation (in theory).
The process of changing the SMD boundaries is called '''redistricting'''. Changing districts for partisan gain is called [[Gerrymandering|'''gerrymandering''']].
==Popular Single Member systems==
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** [[Single Member Plurality]]
** [[Random ballot]]
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; Automatic Truncation Line Option (ATLO) : A voter may mark a line in his/her ranking, meaning that if no one above the line wins, then that voter wants to drop from his/her ranking all of his/her below-line candidates and have a recount. (In pairwise-count methods the dropping only takes place if, additionally, there's a circular tie containing above-line and below-line candidates).
[[Category:Types of representation]]
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