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[[Approval Methods]] are [[voting methods]] that arerequire syntacticallyeach identicalvoter to [[approvalseparate voting]];alternatives howeverin a given election into two complimentary sets, suchA methodsand may-A. deviate fromWhichever alternative occurs the most (or least) in A sets of voters wins the election.* Such voting methods are called approval methods because they are all very similar to the most famous example of this type of voting, innamely semantics[[approval voting]]. ExamplesOther examples of approval methods include [[acceptability voting]], [[approvalconsensus voting]], [[consensusdisapproval voting]], [[happiness voting]], and [[disapprovalutilitarian voting]].
 
The goals of different approval methods vary. For example, [[consensus voting]] seeks to elect the alternative that the greatest number of voters express the desire to form a consensus around. [[Happiness voting]] seeks to maximize the number of voters who are happy with the result of the election.
Consider [[approval voting]] and [[disapproval voting]]. Both methods ask the voter to distinguish between approved and unapproved alternatives. However, approval voting ask voters to list the alternatives they approve, while disapproval would request which alternatives are not approved. In theory, both voting systems should elect the same alternatives. However, because of limitations on human rationality, it is likely that the way the question is posed to the voter will affect who s/he approves and disapproves. Thus, one might arrive at different winning alternatives in the same election, dependent upon whether approval or disapproval voting is used.▼
 
▲ConsiderEven if the goals of two distinct approval methods are the same, the A set may differ. For example, in both [[approval voting]] and [[disapproval voting]]., voters Bothare methodsrequested askto theseparate voteralternatives tointo distinguishtwo betweencomplementary sets: approved and unapproved alternativesdisapproved. However, with approval voting, askthe votersA toset listis theapproved alternatives theyand approvethe -A set is disapproved alternatives, while in disapproval wouldvoting, requestthe whichA set is disapproved alternatives areand notthe -A set is approved alternatives. The winner of approval voting occurs in the most A sets, while the winner of disapproval voting occurs in the least A sets. In theory, both voting systems should elect the same alternatives. However, because of limitations on human rationality, it is likely that the way the question is posed to the voter will affect who s/he approves and disapproves. Thus, one might arrive at different winning alternatives in the same election, dependent upon whether approval or disapproval voting is used.
 
Similarly, one might get different results in the same election depending on whether or not acceptability, or approval, or consensus, or disapproval, or any other approval method is used.
 
 
* An "A set" consists of the alternatives that have the trait that is requested in the election. For example, in approval voting, voters are asked which alternatives they approve. Thus, the A set contains approved alternatives. In disapproval voting, voters are asked which alternatives they disapproved, thus the A set contains disapproved alternatives.
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