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Geographic Open List/Delegated (GOLD) voting: Difference between revisions

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Geographic Open List/Delegated (GOLD) voting (view source)

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'''NOTE: this method is largely superceded by [[PLACE voting]], a similar but simpler method which lacks the "open list" aspect.'''
 
Geographic Open List/Delegated voting (GOLD voting) is a proportional voting method for electing legislators to a multi-seat body. Its main advantages are: simple ballots, minimal wasted votes, and "do no harm" (that is, it doesn't change FPTP outcomes unless they're non-proportional).
 
It assumes the voters have been divided up into one equal-population riding (aka riding or constituency) per seat being elected and that each candidate has publicly declared their preference orderratings for the other candidates ("if I don't win, then I want the votes I hold to gobe tosplit her,among thenthe him,candidates I rate A; then, himwhen they are all eliminated, among those I rate B; etc."). Precisely one representative per area (riding, riding, or constituency) will win.
 
Here are the rules. Items in italics are mere explanations or justifications; the rules themselves are only the non-italic portions.
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# '''Choose a transfer method''' for when your first choice is no longer in the running. There are 2 basic options:
#* '''Open list''': Trust the '''voters''' of your chosen candidate’s party.
#::* If your first choice is no longer in the running, your vote is transferredsplit toequally among the remaining candidates from your chosen party, in(that proportion tois, the numberparty of direct votesyour theyfirst gotchoice).
#::* This is the default if you vote for a local, non-independent candidate.
#::* This option is also called "partisan" transfer.
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#::* ''If you choose this option, your vote will never be transferred out of the party. Since independent candidates are considered to each be in a party by themselves, voters for those candidates should only choose this option if they do not want their vote to be transferred.''
#* '''Delegated''': Trust the '''candidate''' (that is, the pre-declared preferences of your chosen candidate.)
#::* Each candidate must publicly pre-declare ratings for the other candidates. If the candidate is no longer in the running, these votes will be split equally among the remaining candidates at the original candidate's highest remaining rating level. (As with partisan transfers, the split among candidates with the same rating is proportional to the number of votes each candidate received directly from voters.)
#::* There are 6 rating levels: "endorsed", "accepted", or "rejected" for same-party candidates, then those same 3 levels for other-party candidates. To help discourage "funnel candidates" who exist only to give votes to one other candidate, there must be at least 2 candidates at each rating level that's used at all.
#::* ''This is the default if you vote for a non-local and/or independent candidate.''
#::* ''If a voter mistakenly marks both transfer methods, the default applies (as if they had chosen neither).''
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== Technical note: codes for "write-in" (non-local) candidates ==
 
One good way to allow "write-ins" of any non-local candidate would be for each candidate to have a unique three-digitnumeric code. To "write in" a candidate, one could check boxes corresponding to their three-digit code, plus an additional box for their party. These codes could be assigned such that minor "mistakes" in a valid code, such as adding or subtracting one from any digit or exchangingtransposing two adjacent digits, would lead to an invalid code, and one that was dissimilar to all other codes of candidates from the same party. In that way, minor ballot mistakes could be caught and even corrected. (The level of such error correction that is possible depends on the size of the states, but it could be quite good for all but the largest states using three-digit codes. The larger states could choose between a reduced potential for error correction, and using four-digit codes.)
 
Using such a mechanism, a voter could simply "write in" a party but not a specific candidate. This would be considered as a vote for an eliminated candidate for that party, using "partisan" transfer.
[[Category:Proportional voting methods]]
[[Category:Delegated voting methods]]
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