Population monotonicity: Difference between revisions

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'''Population monotonicity''' is a feature of electoral systems. It is often stated as a criterion for [[Party list]] methods, and by extension, for [[Multi-Member Systems]] methods in general. The term was first used by Balinski and Young in 1974.<ref name="Balinski Young pp. 4602–4606">{{cite journal | last=Balinski | first=M. L. | last2=Young | first2=H. P. | title=A New Method for Congressional Apportionment | journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences | publisher=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences | volume=71 | issue=11 | date=1974-11-01 | issn=0027-8424 | doi=10.1073/pnas.71.11.4602 | pages=4602–4606}}</ref>
 
The Population monotonicity criterion for ana apportionment[[Party list]] method is:
 
{{Definition| If the number of voters increases withthen fixedthe seats,party nowhich partythe new voter endorsed cannot lose delegationa decreasesseat.}}
 
By extension, the house monotonicity criterion for a [[Multi-Member System]] is closely related to the [[Participation criterion]]
 
The '''population paradox''' is a counter-intuitive result of some procedures for apportionment. When two states have populations increasing at different rates, a small state with rapid growth can lose a legislative seat to a big state with slower growth.
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