Proportional representation: Difference between revisions
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In closed list systems, each party lists its candidates according to the party's [[candidate selection]] process. This sets the order of candidates on the list and thus, in effect, their probability of being elected. The first candidate on a list, for example, will get the first seat that party wins. Each voter casts a vote for a list of candidates. Voters, therefore, do not have the option to express their preferences at the ballot as to which of a party's candidates are elected into office.<ref>{{cite web |title=Party List PR |url = http://www.electoral-reform.org.uk/party-list|publisher=Electoral Reform Society |access-date=23 May 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Fixing Canadian Democracy |author= Gordon Gibson |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=y7hFz5GawkcC&q=closed+list+PR&pg=PA58 |publisher=The Fraser Institute |page=76 |date=2003|isbn= 9780889752016 }}</ref> A party is allocated seats in proportion to the number of votes it receives.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Gallagher |first1=Michael |last2=Mitchell |first2=Paul |date=2005 |title=The Politics of Electoral Systems |location=Oxford, New York |publisher=Oxford University Press |page=11 |isbn=978-0-19-925756-0}}</ref>
There is an intermediate system in Uruguay ("[[Wikipedia:Ley de Lemas|Ley de Lemas]]"), where each party presents several closed lists, each representing a faction. Seats are distributed between parties according to the number of votes, and then between the factions within each party.<ref>{{
====Open list PR====
{{Main|Open list}}
In an open list, voters may vote, depending on the model, for one person, or for two, or indicate their order of preference within the list. These votes sometimes rearrange the order of names on the party's list and thus which of its candidates are elected.
====Local list PR====
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