Ranked voting: Difference between revisions
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Recently, an increasing number of authors, including [[David Farrell (political scientist)|David Farrell]], [[Ian McAllister (political scientist)|Ian McAllister]] and [[Jurij Toplak]], see preferentiality as one of the characteristics by which electoral systems can be evaluated.<ref name=":02">{{Cite journal|last=Toplak|first=Jurij|date=2017|title=Preferential Voting: Definition and Classification|journal=Lex Localis – Journal of Local Self-Government|volume=15|issue=4|pages=737–761|doi=10.4335/15.4.737-761(2017)}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Farrell|first1=David M.|first2=Ian|last2=McAllister|date=2004-02-20|title=Voter Satisfaction and Electoral Systems: Does Preferential Voting in Candidate-Centered Systems Make A Difference|url=http://repositories.cdlib.org/csd/04-04|language=en}}</ref> According to this view, all electoral methods are preferential, but to different degrees and may even be classified according to their preferentiality.<ref name=":02" /> By this logic, [[cardinal voting]] methods such as [[Score voting]] or [[STAR voting]] are also "preferential".
== Types of ranked voting ==
See [[:Category:Ranked voting methods|Category:Ranked voting methods]].
=== Single-winner methods ===
In general, most ranked methods attempt to extend [[majority rule]] to elections with more than two candidates. Some ranked methods do this using some kind of [[runoff]] i.e. [[IRV]] and [[Condorcet method]]<nowiki/>s, which explains why many of them pass the [[Condorcet loser criterion]].
[[IRV]] is yhe most popular ranked method. It is an attempt to give voters in [[FPTP]] a chance to add support to new alternatives when their candidate is polling the worst in the race. This opens it to criticisms of limiting the [[Number of supportable candidates in various voting methods]], as well as inducing odd [[Strategic voting]].
The [[Borda count]] is an example of a [[Weighted positional method]], not all of which aim for majority rule, in which points are given to candidates based on their rank. These are related to [[Cardinal method]]<nowiki/>s.
[[Bucklin]] finds a majority winner by essentially looking for the median voter's preferred candidate. See [[:Category:Graded Bucklin methods|Category:Graded Bucklin methods]].
[[Smith-efficient]] [[Condorcet methods]] can be thought of as maximally combining compliance with the [[majority criterion]] in the two-candidate case with [[Independence of irrelevant alternatives]].
=== Multi-winner methods ===
[[STV]] is the major ranked [[PR]] method, with there being several alternatives such as the [[Quota Borda system]] or the [[Expanding Approvals Rule]]. For ranked [[Block voting]] elections, any ranked single-winner method can be used by repeatedly electing the candidates at the top of its [[order of finish]].
== Criticisms ==
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