Combined approval voting: Difference between revisions

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It is a [[Cardinal voting|cardinal system]], a variation of [[Score voting|score]] and [[approval voting]], and is also known as '''dis&approval voting''',<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Alcantud|first=José Carlos R.|last2=Laruelle|first2=Annick|date=2013-09-06|title=Dis&approval voting: a characterization|journal=Social Choice and Welfare|language=en|volume=43|issue=1|pages=1–10|doi=10.1007/s00355-013-0766-7|issn=0176-1714|quote=The three levels have the following interpretation: 1 means approval, 0 means indifference, abstention or ‘do not know’, and -1 means disapproval. ... We investigate the ‘dis&approval rule’, that selects the candidates who obtain the largest difference between the number of positive votes and the number of negative votes.|hdl=10366/127275|hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite news|url=https://mappingignorance.org/2014/01/31/to-approve-or-not-to-approve-this-is-not-the-question/|title=To approve or not to approve: this is not the question - Mapping Ignorance|work=Mapping Ignorance|access-date=2018-06-27|language=en-US}}</ref> '''balanced approval voting''' ('''BAV'''),<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.negativevote.org/news/pid_1/84.html?lang=en|title=Can Less be Better?|last=|first=|date=2018-01-22|website=Negative Vote Association|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-02-28|quote=The sum is computed for each candidate and the winner is the candidate with the largest net vote.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.opednews.com/articles/What-Might-be-the-Best-Vot-by-Paul-Cohen-Polarization_Voting-Laws-State_Voting-Reform-140529-132.html&series=326|title=Article: What Might be the Best Voting System?|last=Cohen|first=Paul|date=2014-05-29|website=OpEdNews|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180616014810/https://www.opednews.com/articles/What-Might-be-the-Best-Vot-by-Paul-Cohen-Polarization_Voting-Laws-State_Voting-Reform-140529-132.html%26series%3D326|archive-date=2018-06-16|access-date=2020-02-28|quote=the votes ''For'' and ''Against'' each candidate are tallied and a net vote for each candidate is computed as the difference}}</ref> '''approval with abstention option''' ('''AWAO'''),<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://a2e-highlights.net/|title=Highlights of the Answers To Everything|last=|first=|date=April 8, 2020|website=AnswersToEverything|language=en-US|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-04-11|quote=Disapprovals are subtracted from approvals for each candidate, and candidate with highest margin of net-approval wins.}}</ref> '''true weight voting''' ('''TWV1'''),<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://royminet.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/FollowOnSimLeadsToFirmProposal.pdf|title=Follow-on Election Simulation Leads to Definitive Proposal|last=Minet|first=Roy A.|date=2020-02-19|website=|page=3|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=|quote=TWV1 allows voters only three score values: -1, 0, and +1.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://royminet.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/ElectionSimulationShedsLight.pdf|title=Election Simulation Sheds New Light On Voting Methods|last=Minet|first=Roy A.|date=2019-11-23|website=|page=9|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=|quote=the Candidate having the highest positive (or least negative) total is the winner}}</ref> or '''evaluative voting''' ('''EV''')<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=http://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/353/|title=Voting and the Cardinal Aggregation of Judgments|last=Claude|first=Hillinger|date=2004-06-01|website=epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de|language=en|access-date=2018-06-27|quote=The alternative that maximizes the sum wins. ... I argue for a three valued scale for general elections. ... with the scale (-1 (against), 0 (neutral), +1 (for)). In a committee of experts a more differentiated rule, EV-5, with the scale (-2,- 1,0,+1,+2) may be appropriate. ... A great advantage of EV is that the voter has no strategic incentive to withdraw his vote from the candidates he likes best.}}</ref> (though the latter can also be used for variants with more than 3 values.) It has also been called '''net approval voting'''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=17213149|title=What is net approval voting?|last=cestith|date=2018-06-08|website=Hacker News|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-02-29|quote=you vote up, down, or neutral on each candidate. The candidate with the most approvals minus specific disapprovals wins.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://demosthenesgame.blogspot.com/2007/05/perhaps-way-out.html|title=Demosthenes' Game: Perhaps a Way Out|last=|first=|date=|website=|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-02-29|quote=Just two lines in the ballot: who you're for, and who you're against. The difference between 'for' and 'against' votes gives the candidate's net approval vote. Highest net approval vote wins.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/notes/occupy-hunger-strike/an-easier-solution-a-net-approval-voting-system/229304087140661|title=An Easier Solution - A NET APPROVAL VOTING SYSTEM|last=Kronos|first=Donald Arthur|date=2011-12-08|website=Facebook|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-02-29|quote=able to indicate approval or disapproval of any number of candidates ... as additive votes to show approval and subtractive votes to show disapproval, where the candidate shown to have the highest net approval is the winner.}}</ref> (though this term has a different definition in the context of [[Approval voting|approval]]-based committee selection).<ref>{{cite arxiv|last=Dey|first=Palash|last2=Misra|first2=Neeldhara|last3=Narahari|first3=Y.|date=2015-11-13|title=On Choosing Committees Based on Approval Votes in the Presence of Outliers|eprint=1511.04190|class=cs.MA}}</ref><ref>{{cite arxiv|last=Faliszewski|first=Piotr|last2=Slinko|first2=Arkadii|last3=Talmon|first3=Nimrod|date=2017-11-17|title=The Complexity of Multiwinner Voting Rules with Variable Number of Winners|eprint=1711.06641|class=cs.GT}}</ref>

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