Multi-member system: Difference between revisions
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Multi member voting methods, also called multi winner methods, are voting methods which elect multiple people in one election. It is common for several of these voting methods to be combined into a [[Regional System]].
==Bloc
[[Block voting|Bloc methods]] find the candidate set with the most support or the most votes overall using the same metric which would be used in a [https://electowiki.org/wiki/Single_Member_system single member system]. The number of seats up for election is determined and the top candidates are elected to fill those seats.
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*'''Bloc Plurality Voting''': Each voter chooses as many candidates as there are seats to be elected. Add all the votes. Elect the candidates with the most votes until all positions are filled.
==Sequential [[Proportional representation|
Sequential Cardinal Methods elect winners one at a time in sequence using a candidate selection method and a reweighting mechanism. The single-winner version of the selection is applied to find the first winner, then a reweighting is applied before the selection of the next and subsequent winners. A reweighting is applied to either the ballot or the scores for the ballot itself. The purpose of the reweighting phase is to ensure outcomes have a high level of [[Proportional representation]] by requiring them to satisfy criteria like the [[Proportional representation|Hare Quota Criterion]].
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* [[Sequential Monroe voting]]
* [[Allocated Score]]
* [[Sequentially
* [[Single transferable vote]]
* [[Single distributed vote]]
* [[Sequential Ebert]]
== Optimal [[Proportional representation|
[https://rangevoting.org/QualityMulti.html Optimal] Systems select all winners at once by optimizing a specific desirable metric for proportionality. First a "quality function" or desired outcome is determined, and then an algorithm is used to determine the winner set that best maximizes that outcome. In most systems this is done by permuting to all possible winner sets not a [[w:Mathematical optimization|maximization algorithm]]. This makes such systems computationally expensive.
Optimal ordinal methods may either be based on [[weighted positional method|weighted positional methods]], like [[Monroe's method]], or extend the notion of a Condorcet winner to a winning set, like [[Schulze STV]].
Common examples:
* [[CPO-STV]]
* [[Schulze STV]]
* [https://rangevoting.org/QualityMulti.html Harmonic Voting]
* [[Proportional approval voting]]
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* [[PAMSAC]]
== Local
Local District Clusters offer an alternative to running a multi-winner voting method in a Multi-Member District. Traditional multi-member districts take single-member districts and combine them,
For example: In a five winner election, five single-member districts would be linked into a cluster. As usual, most major parties could still be expected to run five candidates. In this “Local” system, each candidate would be elected to a specific single-member district inside their cluster. Using votes from the cluster's full electorate, the first winner would be selected and would be designated as the winner in their home district. All other candidates running in that district would then be eliminated, and the selection rounds would continue until all the seats have been filled and until each district has a designated representative.
All multi-winner voting methods, including multi-member and proportional methods, can be adapted to run in local clusters. The purported inventor of this alternative is Byron Becker for his [http://localpr.ca/basics/overview/ Local PR system]. Although, it is unclear if [[Fair majority voting]] which also uses Local District Clusters predates [http://localpr.ca/basics/overview/ Local PR system] or not.
===Pros===
* Improved [[Proportionate representation]]:
* Improved [[Petitioner Accountability]]: Each
===Cons===
All the "best" candidates may be running in one district,
[[Category:Multi-winner voting methods]]
[[Category:Types of representation]]
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