Proportional representation: Difference between revisions

In advocacy, updated to mention current usage of STV in cities like Portland, OR and Albany, CA.
(Under the Advocacy section, Added Fix Our House, ProRepCoalition, FairVote, CES, and Equal Vote.)
(In advocacy, updated to mention current usage of STV in cities like Portland, OR and Albany, CA.)
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Proportional representation is unfamiliar to many citizens of the United States. The dominant system in former British colonies was [[Single Member Plurality|single member plurality (SMP)]], but [[Mixed-member proportional|mixed-member proportional representation (MMP)]] and [[Single transferable vote|single transferable vote (STV)]] replaced it in a number of such places.
 
SystemsA designedfew tocities havein highthe levelsUnited ofStates Proportionaluse representationSTV, doincluding havePortland, someOR, historyAlbany, inCA, thePalm UnitedDesert, StatesCA, Cambridge, MA, and [https://fairvote.org/our-reforms/proportional-ranked-choice-voting-information/ a couple of others]. Many cities in the past, including New York, oncealso had used such systems for their city councils as a way to break up the Democratic Party monopolies on elective office. In Cincinnati, Ohio, a system was adopted in 1925 to get rid of Republican party dominance but was successfully overturned in 1957.
 
Some electoral systems incorporate additional constraints on winner selection to ensure quotas based on based on gender or minority status (like ethnicity). Note that features such as this are not typically associated with "proportional representation" although the goal of such systems is to ensure that elected member representation is proportional to such population percentages. Many proportional representation advocates argue that, voters will already be justly represented without these demographic rules since the particular immutable characteristics are independent of partisan allegiance, ideology or ability as a politician.