Cardinal voting systems: Difference between revisions

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(→‎Optimal Proportional Systems: Definitions added for multi-member sections.)
m (→‎Single Member Systems: Edited to use the term Voting Method as opposed to system, to conform with current agreed upon practices to standardize terminology. Method = voting method. Voting System includes voting method + other election processes; ballot type, tabulation tech, etc.)
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== [[Multi-Member Systems]]==
== [[Multi-Member Systems|Multi-Member Methods]]==


===[[Block voting | Bloc Systems]] ===
===[[Block voting | Bloc Methods]] ===
Bloc Systems find the candidate set with the most support or the most votes overall. The number of seats up for election is determined and the top candidates are elected to fill those seats.
Bloc Methods find the candidate set with the most support or the most votes overall. The number of seats up for election is determined and the top candidates are elected to fill those seats.


* '''Bloc Approval Voting''': Each voter chooses (no ranking) as many candidates as desired. Only one vote is allowed per candidate. Voters may not vote more than once for any one candidate. Add all the votes. Elect the candidates with the most votes until all positions are filled.
* '''Bloc Approval Voting''': Each voter chooses (no ranking) as many candidates as desired. Only one vote is allowed per candidate. Voters may not vote more than once for any one candidate. Add all the votes. Elect the candidates with the most votes until all positions are filled.
* '''Bloc Score Voting''': Each voter scores all the candidates on a scale with three or more units. Starting the scale at zero is preferable. Add all the scores. Elect the candidates with the highest total score until all positions are filled.
* '''Bloc Score Voting''': Each voter scores all the candidates on a scale with three or more units. Starting the scale at zero is preferable. Add all the scores. Elect the candidates with the highest total score until all positions are filled.
* '''Bloc STAR Voting''': Each voter scores all the candidates on a scale from 0-5. All the scores are added and the two highest scoring candidates advance to an automatic runoff. The finalist who was preferred by (scored higher by) more voters wins the first seat. The next two highest scoring candidates then runoff, with the finalist preferred by more voters winning the next seat. This process continues until all positions are filled.
* '''Bloc STAR Voting''': Each voter scores all the candidates on a scale from 0-5. All the scores are added and the two highest scoring candidates advance to an automatic runoff. The finalist who was preferred by (scored higher by) more voters wins the first seat. The next two highest scoring candidates then runoff, with the finalist preferred by more voters winning the next seat. This process continues until all positions are filled.
===Sequential [https://electowiki.org/wiki/Proportional_representation Proportional] Systems===
===Sequential [https://electowiki.org/wiki/Proportional_representation Proportional] Methods===


Sequential Cardinal Systems elect winners one at a time in sequence using a candidate selection method and a reweighting mechanism. The single-winner version of the selection is applied to find the first winner, then a reweighting is applied before the selection of the next and subsequent winners. A reweighting is applied to either the ballot or the scores for the ballot itself. The purpose of the reweighting phase is to ensure that the[[Proportional representation| Hare Quota Criterion]] is met to ensure proportional election outcomes.
Sequential Cardinal Systems elect winners one at a time in sequence using a candidate selection method and a reweighting mechanism. The single-winner version of the selection is applied to find the first winner, then a reweighting is applied before the selection of the next and subsequent winners. A reweighting is applied to either the ballot or the scores for the ballot itself. The purpose of the reweighting phase is to ensure that the[[Proportional representation| Hare Quota Criterion]] is met to ensure proportional election outcomes.
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===[https://rangevoting.org/QualityMulti.html Optimal] [https://electowiki.org/wiki/Proportional_representation Proportional] Systems ===
===[https://rangevoting.org/QualityMulti.html Optimal] [https://electowiki.org/wiki/Proportional_representation Proportional] Methods ===
Optimal Systems select all winners at once by optimizing a specific desirable metric for proportionality. First a "quality function" or desired outcome is determined, and then an algorithm is used to determine the winner set that best maximizes that outcome.
Optimal Systems select all winners at once by optimizing a specific desirable metric for proportionality. First a "quality function" or desired outcome is determined, and then an algorithm is used to determine the winner set that best maximizes that outcome.


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