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User:RobLa/MAF: Difference between revisions
Linking to Approval-based primary election methods, and adding to Category:Primary elections
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'''Majority approval filter''' (or "'''MAF'''") describes one of many possible ways to hold a [[primary election]] using [[approval voting]]. (See also: [[Approval-based primary election methods]])
== History ==
In 2018, [[User:RobLa]] led discussions about "[[MATT]]" and "[[MAF]]" on the [[election-methods mailing list]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://lists.electorama.com/pipermail/election-methods-electorama.com/2018-July/001844.html|title=[EM] A simpler approval based way of replacing the CA jungle primary|last=Lanphier|first=Rob|date=2018-07-18|website=lists.electorama.com|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2021-02-06}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://medium.com/@robla/replacing-the-jungle-primary-c1e844a5333b|title=Replacing the jungle primary|last=Lanphier|first=Rob|date=2018-11-25|website=Medium|language=en|access-date=2021-02-06}}</ref> They led to the creation of the "[[
* "Maximum approval top-two" or "MATT" is an approval-based primary where voters use an [[
* "Majority approval filter" or "MAF" is an approval-based primary election method that advances all candidates who are approved by a majority of the electorate, as well as often selecting one or more opposition candidates.
Neither MATT nor MAF took the world by storm.
Neither MATT nor MAF took the world by storm. A grassroots effort organized by "[[STL Approves]]" was able to get St. Louis to switch to approval voting in the primary.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Schlinkmann|first=Jesse Bogan, Mark|title=The next mayor of St. Louis faces big challenges — and high expectations|url=https://www.stltoday.com/news/local/govt-and-politics/the-next-mayor-of-st-louis-faces-big-challenges-and-high-expectations/article_8bd547ee-9188-5c5c-8332-757073a32dbe.html|access-date=2021-02-04|website=STLtoday.com|language=en}}</ref> This third method is called the "St. Louis method" (for purposes of this wiki page). ▼
▲
== Rules ==
The rules for the various methods are described below, in order from simplest to most complicated:
=== St. Louis method ===
[[File:STL-sample-ballot-for-2021-03-02-election.png|thumb|Heading from the sample ballot for Heading from sample ballot for the March 2021 primary election in [[St. Louis, Missouri]]<ref>https://www.stlouis-mo.gov/government/departments/board-election-commissioners/documents/upload/Mar2021AllRacesBallot2.pdf</ref><ref>https://www.reddit.com/r/EndFPTP/comments/lfn1sh/sample_approval_voting_ballot_for_the_march_2nd/</ref>
]]
The St. Louis method is defined in a short paragraph on the 2020 ballot petition:<ref name=":0" /><blockquote>''Notwithstanding any other provision of law to the contrary, in the primary election for the [offices in question], voters shall select as many candidates as they approve of for each office. The two candidates receiving the most votes for each office shall advance to the general election. The candidate for each office receiving the most votes in the general election shall be declared the winner.''</blockquote>The ballot petition above passed with over 68% of the vote in the [[St. Louis, Missouri|city of St. Louis]] in November 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Schlinkmann|first=Mark|title=Overhaul of St. Louis election system passes, residency rule repeal fails|url=https://www.stltoday.com/news/local/govt-and-politics/overhaul-of-st-louis-election-system-passes-residency-rule-repeal-fails/article_d37f0b73-c0b6-56d7-b093-8d069c314813.html|access-date=2021-02-06|website=STLtoday.com|language=en}}</ref>
=== Maximum approval top-two (MATT) ===
"'''Maximum approval top-two'''" (or "MATT") is a voting system that was proposed by [[User:RobLa]], based on discussions that happened on the [[election-methods mailing list]] in 2018.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" />
Maximum approval top-two uses the following steps:▼
# The candidate who receives the highest approval rating (the "front-runner") qualifies for the general election
#* Example: if there are 100 voters, and 40 approve of "A" and "B", 30 approve of only "B", and 30 approve of only "C", then "B" advances to the general election, since "B" is approved by 70% of voters.
# A second candidate (the "complementary candidate"), who maximizes the approval of the electorate, also qualifies (i.e. by having the highest approval among voters that did ''not'' approve of the front-runner). If two candidates both satisfy an equal part of the remaining electorate, the candidate with the highest overall approval rating advances.
#* Example: if there are 100 voters, and 40 approve of both "A" and "B", 30 approve of only "B", and 30 approve of only "C", then
#** "B" advances with 70% approval (per step 1)
#** "C" advances (per this step). "B" satisfies 70% of the electorate, and "C" satisfies the other 30%. So, 100% of the voters will be satisfied with one of their choices in the general election.
▲[[Category:Approval methods]]
=== Majority approval filter (MAF) ===
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==History==
* MAF (note: Full discussion history of this method can be found at [[
** 2018-12-28 - Draft 4 published at <https://electowiki.org/wiki/MAF>, based on conversation documented at [[Talk:Majority approval filter]])
** 2018-12-07 - [https://electowiki.org/w/index.php?title=Majority_approval_filter&oldid=5200 Draft 3] published (with clarifying edits continuing through 2018-12-10). See December email thread "[http://lists.electorama.com/pipermail/election-methods-electorama.com/2018-December/thread.html <nowiki>[EM] Approval-based replacement for jungle primary</nowiki>]" for more discussion about the evolution of this draft
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**2018-11-20 - first draft published on electowiki.org and as "[https://medium.com/@robla/replacing-the-jungle-primary-c1e844a5333b Replacing the jungle primary]" by [[User:RobLa]]
* [[Majority approval filter
* [[Maximum approval top-two]] (MATT; [https://electowiki.org/w/index.php?title=Maximum_approval_top-two&action=history page history for MATT]) - a simplification of MAF that is guaranteed to advance no more than two candidates.▼
▲*[[Majority approval filter|Majority approval filter (MAF)]] - a primary election voting method that is guaranteed to advance all candidates receiving a majority approval score to the general election
[[Category:Approval
▲* [[Maximum approval top-two]] (MATT) - a simplification of MAF that is guaranteed to advance no more than two candidates.
== Footnotes ==
▲[[Category:Approval methods]]
<references />
[[Category:Approval voting]]
[[Category:Primary elections]]
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