Exhausted ballot: Difference between revisions
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=Ballot exhaustion in RCV= |
=Ballot exhaustion in RCV= |
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A ballot becomes exhausted when a voter: |
A ballot becomes exhausted when a voter: |
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* Exhausted |
* Exhausted Choices: a voter can list their preferences such that when applied to a runoff round it is for a candidate who is already eliminated - the vote is taken out of the election |
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* Overvotes - example: voter accidentally ranks two candidates as their first choice |
* Overvotes - example: voter accidentally ranks two candidates as their first choice |
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* Undervotes - example: voter ranks only one candidate on their ballot and that candidate is eliminated from the contest before the final round |
* Undervotes - example: voter ranks only one candidate on their ballot and that candidate is eliminated from the contest before the final round |
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This article of focusing on the first category. |
This article of focusing on the first category "Exhausted Choices. |
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Ballot Exhaustion occurs when rankings on a voter’s ballot prevent their vote from being counted and determining the election’s end result. |
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The ballot is discarded. These votes do not influence the final outcome. |
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==Exhausted Choices== |
==Exhausted Choices== |
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In other words, votes that are exhausted in the second and subsequent rounds of tabulation are purely a consequence of using ranked-choice voting method tabulation algorithm. |
In other words, votes that are exhausted in the second and subsequent rounds of tabulation are purely a consequence of using ranked-choice voting method tabulation algorithm. |
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==Scientific articles / studies== |
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[https://cpb-us-w2.wpmucdn.com/u.osu.edu/dist/e/1083/files/2014/12/ElectoralStudies-2fupfhd.pdf Ballot (and voter) “exhaustion” under Instant Runoff Voting: An examination of four ranked-choice elections] |
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We analyze data taken from images of more than 600,000 ballots cast by voters in four recent local elections. |
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We document a problem known as ballot “exhaustion,” which results in a substantial number of votes being discarded in each election. |
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As a result of ballot exhaustion, the winner in all four of our cases receives less than a majority of the total votes cast, a finding that raises serious concerns about IRV and challenges a key argument made by the system's proponents. |
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Second, IRV does not ensure that the winning candidate will have received a majority of all votes cast, only a majority of all valid votes in the final round of tallying. |
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Thus, it is possible that the winning candidate will fall short of an actual majority when a substantial number of ballots are eliminated, or “exhausted,” during the vote redistribution process. Third, and related to the previous point, there is some probability that a voter's ballot will become exhausted, eliminating their influence over the final outcome. |
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If at any point the voter did not rank a next choice (assuming her most favored choice or choices are eliminated), or all of the choices on the voter's ballot have been eliminated, the ballot is “exhausted” d meaning that it is excluded from future vote redistributions, and it does not affect the final outcome of the election. The ballot, in essence, is discarded. The process ends once a candidate receives a majority of the remaining valid votes. |
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* spoiled ballots |
* spoiled ballots |
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* over-voted |
* over-voted |
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* https://fairvote.org/rcv_elections_and_runoffs_exhausted_votes_vs_exhausted_voters_in_the_bay_area/ |
* https://fairvote.org/rcv_elections_and_runoffs_exhausted_votes_vs_exhausted_voters_in_the_bay_area/ |
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* https://ballotpedia.org/Ballot_exhaustion |
* https://ballotpedia.org/Ballot_exhaustion |
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* [https://cpb-us-w2.wpmucdn.com/u.osu.edu/dist/e/1083/files/2014/12/ElectoralStudies-2fupfhd.pdf Ballot (and voter) “exhaustion” under Instant Runoff Voting: An examination of four ranked-choice elections] |
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Legal challange: |
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* https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/LSB/LSB10837 |