Instant-runoff voting: Difference between revisions
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== Naming == |
== Naming == |
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:''see also: [[FairVote#IRV]]'' |
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Prior to FairVote's work, the single-winner version of [[single transferable vote]] was primarily used outside of the United States (e.g. in Australia), and was known in Australia as "preferential voting". |
Prior to FairVote's work, the single-winner version of [[single transferable vote]] was primarily used outside of the United States (e.g. in Australia), and was known in Australia as "preferential voting". |
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In 1993, the Center for Voting and Democracy (now known as "[[FairVote]]") published their first annual report. In that report, they referred to the system as "preference voting",<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/19990507180316/http://www.fairvote.org/cvd_reports/1993/introduction.html</ref> which included the following caveat:<blockquote>''A Note on Terminology: Reflecting the range of contributors, this report has some inconsistencies in terminology to describe different voting systems. In addition, what many call the "single transferable vote" here is termed "preference voting" in order to focus on the voting process rather than the ballot count.''</blockquote>In 1997, FairVote began referring to preferential voting as "Instant Runoff voting".<ref>[https://www.csmonitor.com/1997/0721/072197.opin.opin.1.html "Fuller, Fairer Elections? How?"]. ''Christian Science Monitor''. 1997-07-21. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number ISSN] [https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0882-7729 0882-7729]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-12-14</span></span>.</ref><ref>From [https://web.archive.org/web/19990427031915/http://www.fairvote.org/email_archives/070298.htm the 1998 newsletter]: "Note that the transferable ballot can be used as a proportional representation system in multi-seat districts (what we call "choice voting") and in one-winner elections (what we call "instant runoff voting")."</ref> However, the city of San Francisco preferred the term "ranked-choice voting", which was used as early as 1999.<ref>http://archive.fairvote.org/library/statutes/irv_stat_lang.htm San Francisco Charter Amendment, introduced October 1999 "SEC. 13.102. RANKED-CHOICE BALLOTS"</ref><ref>Instant Runoff Voting Charter Amendment for San Francisco passed on March 5, 2002, "''to provide for the election of the Mayor, Sheriff, District Attorney, City Attorney, Treasurer, Assessor-Recorder, Public Defender, and members of the Board of Supervisors using a ranked-choice, or “instant run-off,” ballot, to require that City voting systems be compatible with a ranked-choice ballot system, and setting a date and conditions for implementation.''"</ref> By 2004, San Francisco was careful to explain that the method codified as "ranked choice voting" was the same as "instant runoff voting.<ref name=":0" /> Because organizations in Arizona borrowed San Francisco's language, many used "ranked choice" as the preferred wording, which [[FairVote]] accommodated as early as 2006.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20060927205517/http://www.fairvote.org/rcv/ FairVote and the LWV-Arizona Support Ranked Choice Voting]" Dr. Barbara Klein and Rob Richie</ref> [[FairVote]] didn't appear to publicly deprecate the term "instant runoff voting" until 2013,<ref>The [https://web.archive.org/web/20130729141521/http://www.fairvote.org/ July 2013 homepage of fairvote.org] was the first to refer to "ranked choice voting" as a preferred term to "instant-runoff"</ref> but now appears to prefer "ranked choice voting" to describe the method. |
In 1993, the Center for Voting and Democracy (now known as "[[FairVote]]") published their first annual report. In that report, they referred to the system as "preference voting",<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/19990507180316/http://www.fairvote.org/cvd_reports/1993/introduction.html</ref> which included the following caveat:<blockquote>''A Note on Terminology: Reflecting the range of contributors, this report has some inconsistencies in terminology to describe different voting systems. In addition, what many call the "single transferable vote" here is termed "preference voting" in order to focus on the voting process rather than the ballot count.''</blockquote>In 1997, FairVote began referring to preferential voting as "Instant Runoff voting".<ref>[https://www.csmonitor.com/1997/0721/072197.opin.opin.1.html "Fuller, Fairer Elections? How?"]. ''Christian Science Monitor''. 1997-07-21. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number ISSN] [https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0882-7729 0882-7729]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-12-14</span></span>.</ref><ref>From [https://web.archive.org/web/19990427031915/http://www.fairvote.org/email_archives/070298.htm the 1998 newsletter]: "Note that the transferable ballot can be used as a proportional representation system in multi-seat districts (what we call "choice voting") and in one-winner elections (what we call "instant runoff voting")."</ref> However, the city of San Francisco preferred the term "ranked-choice voting", which was used as early as 1999.<ref>http://archive.fairvote.org/library/statutes/irv_stat_lang.htm San Francisco Charter Amendment, introduced October 1999 "SEC. 13.102. RANKED-CHOICE BALLOTS"</ref><ref>Instant Runoff Voting Charter Amendment for San Francisco passed on March 5, 2002, "''to provide for the election of the Mayor, Sheriff, District Attorney, City Attorney, Treasurer, Assessor-Recorder, Public Defender, and members of the Board of Supervisors using a ranked-choice, or “instant run-off,” ballot, to require that City voting systems be compatible with a ranked-choice ballot system, and setting a date and conditions for implementation.''"</ref> By 2004, San Francisco was careful to explain that the method codified as "ranked choice voting" was the same as "instant runoff voting.<ref name=":0" /> Because organizations in Arizona borrowed San Francisco's language, many used "ranked choice" as the preferred wording, which [[FairVote]] accommodated as early as 2006.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20060927205517/http://www.fairvote.org/rcv/ FairVote and the LWV-Arizona Support Ranked Choice Voting]" Dr. Barbara Klein and Rob Richie</ref> [[FairVote]] didn't appear to publicly deprecate the term "instant runoff voting" until 2013,<ref>The [https://web.archive.org/web/20130729141521/http://www.fairvote.org/ July 2013 homepage of fairvote.org] was the first to refer to "ranked choice voting" as a preferred term to "instant-runoff"</ref> but now appears to prefer "ranked choice voting" to describe the method. |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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