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Quota: Difference between revisions
→English Wikipedia description: Note: the laws in Brazil are written in the wikipedia:Portuguese language
(Quoted content from the introduction of the "Hare quota" article on English Wikipedia (see https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hare_quota&oldid=988358654 ) and lightly adapted it for electowiki. Also, I added a "#Footnotes" section to this article.) |
(→English Wikipedia description: Note: the laws in Brazil are written in the wikipedia:Portuguese language) |
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The Hare quota was devised by [[Thomas Hare]], one of the earliest supporters of STV. In 1868, [[Henry Richmond Droop]] (1831–1884) invented the [[Droop quota]] as an alternative to the Hare quota, and Droop is now widely used, the Hare quota today being rarely used with STV.
In [[Brazil]]'s largest remainder system the Hare quota is used to set the minimum number of seats allocated to each party or coalition. Remaining seats are allocated according to the [[D'Hondt method]].<ref>
Compared to some similar methods, the use of the Hare quota with the largest remainder method tends to favour the smaller parties at the expense of the larger ones. Thus in [[Hong Kong]] the use of the Hare quota has prompted political parties to nominate their candidates on separate tickets, as under this system this may increase the number of seats they obtain.<ref>{{cite news |authorlink=wikipedia:Jasper Tsang |last=Tsang |first=Jasper Yok Sing |title=Divide then conquer |newspaper=[[South China Morning Post]] |page=A17 |date=11 March 2008 |location=Hong Kong}}</ref> The [[wikipedia:Democratic Party (Hong Kong)|Democratic Party]], for example, filled three separate tickets in the 8-seat [[wikipedia:New Territories West constituency|New Territories West constituency]] in the [[wikipedia:2008 Hong Kong legislative election|2008 Legislative Council elections]]. In the [[wikipedia:2012 Hong Kong legislative election|2012 election]], no candidate list won more than one seat in any of the six PR constituencies (a total of 40 seats). In Hong Kong the Hare quota system has effectively become a [[wikipedia:Single non-transferable vote|multi-member single-vote system]] in the territory.<ref>{{cite news |author=Ma Ngok |script-title=zh:港式比例代表制 議會四分五裂 |trans-title=Hong Kong-style proportional representation is divided |newspaper=[[wikipedia:Ming Pao]] |location=Hong Kong |page=A31 |date=25 July 2008 | language = zh-hk}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Choy |first=Ivan Chi Keung |script-title=zh:港式選舉淪為變相多議席單票制 |trans-title=Hong Kong-style elections become a multi-seat multi-seat single-vote system |newspaper=[[wikipedia:Ming Pao]] |location=Hong Kong |page=A29 |date=31 July 2008 | language = zh-hk}}</ref> This formula also rewards political alliances and parties of small-to-moderate size and discourages broader unions which led to the fragmentation of the political parties and electoral alliances rather than expanding them.<ref name="Carey">{{cite journal|title=Electoral Formula and Fragmentation in Hong Kong|first=John M.|last=Carey|url=http://sites.dartmouth.edu/jcarey/files/2016/07/Hong-Kong-PR-Formula-Carey-June-2016.pdf}}</ref>
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The article above may have changed since this writing in December 2020. See [[wikipedia:Hare quota]] for the latest version.
== Droop quota ==
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