Chicken dilemma: Difference between revisions
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# Some voting systems, such as approval voting, ignore the problem. Perhaps the assumption here is that it will be impossible to organize a defection without prompting a retaliation, and thus that both sides will prefer to cooperate. ("Mutual assured destruction"?)
# Some voting systems, such as [[Majority Choice Approval]], try to exploit the fact that each faction is not a single coordinated entity, but a group of individual voters. The idea is that if a small number of voters defect, they should be ignored; hopefully, in that situation, majority cooperation will be a stable strategy.
# Other voting systems, such as [[ICT]], try to exploit the fact that in a real-world election, A and B are never perfectly balanced; one subfaction is always larger. In this case, a voting system can encourage the smaller group to cooperate by threatening to elect C (punishing both groups) if the smaller group defects. The chicken dilemma criterion is
# [[Reciprocal Score Voting]] addresses the problem by explicitly rewarding reciprocal cooperation and punishing the defecting sides. Whichever subfaction defects receives no support from the other faction, even if it's larger. The only way to maximize the odds of winning is by cooperating as much as possible with similar factions.
The chicken dilemma happens when there is a [[Condorcet winner]] and a majority Condorcet loser, but not a majority Condorcet winner. In many voting systems, supporters of one of the two similar candidates have a dilemma, like a game of "chicken": they can either "cooperate" and support both similar candidates, helping to ensure the opposing plurality candidate loses but risking a win by the less-preferred of the similar ones; or they can "betray" and support only their favorite candidate, trying to take advantage of cooperation by the other side.
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Some methods that pass the Chicken Dilemma Criterion:
ICT, [[Symmetrical ICT]], [[MMPO]], MDDTR, [[IRV]] and most [[:Category:Condorcet-IRV hybrid methods|Condorcet-IRV hybrid methods]] ([[Benham's Method|Benham's method]], [[Woodall's method]])
== Notes ==
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