Political spectrum: Difference between revisions

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== Three Telos Model ==
== Three Telos Model ==


The Three Telos Model or Triangle political Map is a way to describe political beliefs based on the core axiom of the philosophy. It is based on the concept of a [[w:ternary plot]] where the different underlying philosophies can be mixed but must sum up to the totality of the of the persons ideological position.
The Three Telos Model or Triangle Political Map is a way to describe political beliefs based on the core axiom of the philosophy. It is based on the concept of a [[w:ternary plot | ternary plot]] where the different underlying philosophies can be mixed but must sum up to the totality of the of the persons ideological position.


A video explanation of this model can be found [https://youtu.be/LA9dFRCX0KM here].
A video explanation of this model can be found [https://youtu.be/LA9dFRCX0KM here].
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===Equity/Equality of outcome===
===Equity/Equality of outcome===
* Justification: Equity can be good because it is fair and reduces harm and abuses of power in many ways
* Justification: Equity can be good because it is fair and reduces harm
* Philosophical foundation: Young Hegelians and Marxism
* Philosophical Foundation: [[W: Young Hegelians | Young Hegelians]], [[W: Critical theory | Critical theory]] and Marxism
* Morals: [[W; The Rise of Victimhood Culture | Victim Culture]]
* Morals: victim culture
* Economics: marxism/socialism
* Economics: Marxism/Socialism
* Structure: flat
* Structure: Flat
* Power holder: government
* Power holder: Government
* Basic unit: group/collective
* Basic unit: Group/Collective
* Truth source: postmodern denial of truth
* Truth source: Postmodern denial of truth
* World view: power structures
* World view: Power Structures
* Vision of Nature: Unconstrained Utopian
* Vision of Nature: Unconstrained Utopian


===Freedom/Liberty===
===Freedom/Liberty===
* Justification: Freedom can be good because people have a need for self-determination
* Justification: Freedom can be good because people have a need for self-determination
* Philosophical foundation: Liberalism and Enlightenment Humanism
* Philosophical foundation: [[W: Classical liberalism | Liberalism]] and [[W: Age of Enlightenment | Enlightenment]] [[W: Humanism | Humanism]]
* Morals: dignity culture
* Morals: [https://alexandria.ucsb.edu/lib/ark:/48907/f37d2s7h Dignity culture]
* Economics: free market capitalism
* Economics: [[W: Free market | Free Market Capitalism]]
* Structure: meritocratic/ competence hierarchy
* Structure: [[W: Meritocracy | Meritocratic]] / competence hierarchy
* Power holder: worthy
* Power holder: [[W: Democracy | Worthy]]
* Basic unit: individual
* Basic unit: [[W: Individualism | individual]]
* Truth source: scientific method
* Truth source: [[W: Scientific method | scientific method]]
* World view: Materialism
* World view: [[W: Materialism | Materialism]]
* Vision of Nature: Constrained Emergent
* Vision of Nature: Constrained Emergent


===Tradition===
===Tradition===
* Justification: tradition can be good because people have attachment to the practices that tie them to a community, and changing society rapidly can be destructive.
* Justification: Tradition can be good because people have attachment to the practices that tie them to a community, and changing society rapidly can be destructive.
* Philosophical foundation: Ancient philosophy and Right Hegelianism
* Philosophical foundation: Ancient philosophy and [[A:Right Hegelians | Right Hegelianism]]
* Morals: [[W: Honour#Cultures_of_honour_and_cultures_of_law | Honour Culture]]
* Morals: honour culture
* Economics: [[W: Mercantilism |Mercantilism]] / [[W: Feudalism | Feudalism]]
* Economics: mercantile/feudal
* Structure: inherited cast or class hierarchy
* Structure: [[W: Caste | Inherited Cast]] or [[W: Social class | Class Hierarchy]]
* Power holder: cast or class
* Power holder: Cast or Class
* Basic unit: family or tribe
* Basic unit: Family or Tribe
* Truth: divine knowledge
* Truth: [[W:Prophecy | Divine Knowledge]]
* World view: Idealism
* World view: [[W: Idealism | Idealism]]
* Vision of Nature: Constrained Structured
* Vision of Nature: Constrained Structured


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What is often called [[w:Horseshoe theory|horseshoe theory]] claims that the extreme authoritarian economic left (Communism) is adjacent or close to extreme authoritarian economic right (neo-reactionism/fascism). A classification that follows this thought must then place these two close by or next to each other: either by using dimensions where they naturally fit next to each other, or by making opinion space curved so that going in the direction of fascism leads to Communism.
What is often called [[w:Horseshoe theory|horseshoe theory]] claims that the extreme authoritarian economic left (Communism) is adjacent or close to extreme authoritarian economic right (neo-reactionism/fascism). A classification that follows this thought must then place these two close by or next to each other: either by using dimensions where they naturally fit next to each other, or by making opinion space curved so that going in the direction of fascism leads to Communism.


Different political philosophers also argue that a good political ideology must also incorporate additional constraints. For instance, from the economic right, Milton Friedman advocated for the necessity of putting one of two desired values ahead of the other by stating "A society that puts equality before freedom will get neither. A society that puts freedom before equality will get a high degree of both". From the economic left, anarchist Mikhail Bakunin argued that a good political ideology must have both significant amounts of freedom and equality, stating that "Freedom without socialism is privilege and injustice; socialism without freedom is slavery and brutality".
Different political philosophers also argue that a good political ideology must also incorporate additional constraints. For instance, from the liberal economic position, Milton Friedman advocated for the necessity of putting one of two desired values ahead of the other by stating "A society that puts equality before freedom will get neither. A society that puts freedom before equality will get a high degree of both". From the economic collectivist position, anarchist Mikhail Bakunin argued that a good political ideology must have both significant amounts of freedom and equality, stating that "Freedom without socialism is privilege and injustice; socialism without freedom is slavery and brutality". These positions are not incompatible since both argue for the same result however the difference lies in what is controlled and what is expected to arise naturally.


Such additional constraints would impose further structure on a political classification chart; however, it may still be useful to represent political ideologies that violate the constraints. Even if they are in some way suboptimal or are inherently self-contradictory, people may still hold them.
Such additional constraints would impose further structure on a political classification chart; however, it may still be useful to represent political ideologies that violate the constraints. Even if they are in some way suboptimal or are inherently self-contradictory, people may still hold them.
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