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[[File:2D election example with vote splitting and spoiler effect.png]]
This is an example simulation of an election on a 2-dimensional political spectrum (such as the Political Compass, Nolan chart, Pournelle chart, etc.)
There are 3000 voters (blue dots), 3 candidates (red dots), and voters vote honestly, supporting the candidates who are most similar to them ideologically (nearest distance).
*C is a partisan candidate on the right
** C
*A, another partisan candidate, wins under [[Instant-runoff voting|Instant-Runoff Voting]] ("Ranked-Choice Voting"), after B is eliminated for not having enough first-preference votes, leaving A and C (and A is slightly closer to the center, so more people in the center support A over C).▼
*A is another partisan candidate, on the left
▲** A
*B is a moderate candidate, and the best representative of the average voter
** B wins under [[Score Voting]] (with normalized ballots), as they are the highest-rated overall by the voters.
** B also wins under [[Condorcet method|Condorcet methods]], as B would beat both A and C in head-to-head elections.
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