First Past the Post electoral system: Difference between revisions
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{{Wikipedia|First-past-the-post voting}}A '''first-past-the-post''' ('''FPTP'''; sometimes '''FPP''')<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dia.govt.nz/diawebsite.nsf/wpg_URL/Resource-material-STV-Information-More-about-FPP?OpenDocument|title=More about FPP|author=The Department of Internal Affairs, Government of New Zealand|website=dia.govt.nz|language=en-NZ|access-date=2019-02-17}}</ref> [./https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electoral_system electoral system] is one in which voters indicate on a ballot the candidate of their choice, and the candidate who receives the most votes wins. This is sometimes described as ''winner takes all''. First-past-the-post voting is a [./https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plurality_voting plurality voting] method. FPTP is a common, but not universal, feature of electoral systems with [./https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single-member_district single-member electoral divisions], and is practised in close to one third of countries. Notable examples include the [./https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States United States], the [./https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom United Kingdom], as well as some of the latter's former [./https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colony colonies] and [./https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protectorate protectorates], such as [./https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada Canada] or [./https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India India]. |
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{{Wikipedia|First-past-the-post voting}} |
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The '''first-past-the-post electoral system''' is a [[voting system]] for single-member districts, variously called '''first-past-the-post (FPTP or FPP)''', '''winner-take-all''', '''[[plurality]] voting''', or '''relative majority'''. In political science, it is known as '''Single-Member Plurality''' or '''SMP'''. This system is in use at all levels of politics. It is a key component of the original implementation the [[Westminster System]] in Briton and subsequently the British colonies. A thorough list is given below. |
The '''first-past-the-post electoral system''' is a [[voting system]] for single-member districts, variously called '''first-past-the-post (FPTP or FPP)''', '''winner-take-all''', '''[[plurality]] voting''', or '''relative majority'''. In political science, it is known as '''Single-Member Plurality''' or '''SMP'''. This system is in use at all levels of politics. It is a key component of the original implementation the [[Westminster System]] in Briton and subsequently the British colonies. A thorough list is given below. |
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Revision as of 03:42, 28 November 2019
A first-past-the-post (FPTP; sometimes FPP)[1] [./https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electoral_system electoral system] is one in which voters indicate on a ballot the candidate of their choice, and the candidate who receives the most votes wins. This is sometimes described as winner takes all. First-past-the-post voting is a [./https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plurality_voting plurality voting] method. FPTP is a common, but not universal, feature of electoral systems with [./https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single-member_district single-member electoral divisions], and is practised in close to one third of countries. Notable examples include the [./https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States United States], the [./https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom United Kingdom], as well as some of the latter's former [./https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colony colonies] and [./https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protectorate protectorates], such as [./https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada Canada] or [./https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India India].
The first-past-the-post electoral system is a voting system for single-member districts, variously called first-past-the-post (FPTP or FPP), winner-take-all, plurality voting, or relative majority. In political science, it is known as Single-Member Plurality or SMP. This system is in use at all levels of politics. It is a key component of the original implementation the Westminster System in Briton and subsequently the British colonies. A thorough list is given below.
Wales, Scotland, both North and South Ireland, and New Zealand have fairly recently implemented different election systems. The possible solution for UK was handled by the Jenkins Committee in the late 1980s but no final solution has been reached yet.
In 2005, the Canadian province of British Columbia held a referendum on changing their FPTP to STV; it was narrowly defeated.
Recent examples of nations which have not adopted the FPTP system includes South Africa, almost all of the former east bloc nations, Russia and Afghanistan as well as Iraq.
The term "first past the post" refers to a now seldom-used analogy with horse racing, where the winner is the first to pass a particular point (in this case a plurality of votes), upon which all other runners automatically and completely lose ("winner take all").
- ↑ The Department of Internal Affairs, Government of New Zealand. "More about FPP". dia.govt.nz. Retrieved 2019-02-17.