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Tactical voting: Difference between revisions
→Pushover: Copied lede from Pushover, replacing the completely inaccurate claim that non-monotonicity is required for pushover to be employed
(→Pushover: Copied lede from Pushover, replacing the completely inaccurate claim that non-monotonicity is required for pushover to be employed) |
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=== Pushover ===
{{main|Pushover}}
There are two types of strategies referred to as '''pushover''':
* A narrow type, which involves encouraging voters to rank (or score) a candidate (called "B" in this example) lower than another candidate (called "A" in this example) in hopes that "B" is elected. This strategy won't work in systems that pass the [[mono-raise criterion]].
* A broader type (also known as '''turkey-raising''' or the '''pied-piper strategy''') which can happen in two-round systems.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Linskey |first=Annie |date=2022-09-13 |title=Democrats spend tens of millions amplifying far-right candidates in nine states |language=en-US |work=Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2022/09/12/democrats-interfere-republican-primaries/ |access-date=2023-10-02 |issn=0190-8286}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Norton |first=Ben |date=2016-11-10 |title=How the Hillary Clinton campaign deliberately "elevated" Donald Trump with its "pied piper" strategy |url=https://www.salon.com/2016/11/09/the-hillary-clinton-campaign-intentionally-created-donald-trump-with-its-pied-piper-strategy/ |access-date=2023-10-02 |website=Salon |language=en}}</ref> This broader type requires three candidates to explain: "A", "B" and "X". Let's say that voters are asked to choose (in the first round of an election) between "B" and "X". Voters who prefer "A" in the second round of the election may hope to have other voters vote for "the turkey" (candidate "X") who cannot beat "A", rather than see candidate "B" advance to the second round of the election, and may vote for "X" over "B" if they are allowed.<ref>{{Cite web |title=[EM] St. Louis and Pushover (Re: Reply to Rob regarding RCV) |last=Munsterhjelm|first=Kristofer|url=http://lists.electorama.com/pipermail/election-methods-electorama.com/2023-October/004961.html |access-date=2023-10-02 |website=lists.electorama.com}}</ref>
Pushover is mainly discussed in the context of [[IRV]] or voting methods that operate with [[Runoff|runoffs]] or otherwise have multiple rounds of voting where fewer and fewer candidates advance to the next round, because who advances can depend on who they're facing in a given round i.e. if the majority prefer a Democrat to a Republican, many Dems prefer a Green>Democrat, but the majority prefer Republican>Green, then it can benefit Republicans to vote Green in the first round of [[runoff voting]] and then vote Republican in the runoff, even though they may have actually preferred the Democrat to the Green.
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